Landscaping for Wildlife

Bird watching has become habit forming for me. I have bird feeders distinctly placed so that I can observe birds in my backyard from every window on the backside of my house. In an attempt to attract a large variety of birds to my yard, I have planned my landscape to enhance bird habitat including food and shelter. In addition to bird feeders, an ample food supply of tree and shrub berries is critical in attracting birds to your yard. When trying to determine which flowers to plant, I would recommend native plant species as they are better adapted to Missouri soils and climate. Additionally, research has shown that foraging birds seek out the familiar plants over the exotic species. Favorite shrubs with appealing berries for attracting birds include viburnum, holly, dogwood, sumac, cedar, spicebush, hawthorn and shrub roses. During fall clean-up, don’t dead-head flowers such as coneflowers, black-eyed susans, zinnias, marigolds, coreopsis, sunflowers and cosmos.

Also, leaving plant materials provides additional shelter for birds. Winter refuge is also critical for protecting the birds from predators and the cold winter, especially this winter. Last summer, I lost a huge maple tree during a windstorm. It landed within 10 feet of my largest bird feeder. I have yet to clean up the debris and it has been a haven for birds this year, especially the finches and cardinals. Birds love dead branches and trees as perching locations, so avoid pruning these out if you can. Another favorite is to recycle the Christmas tree near the bird feeder - there is not a bird within the neighborhood that doesn’t use the Christmas tree as a hangout. Other favorite shrubs in my yard for bird habitat are the hollies, viburnums, shrub roses and cotoneaster.

Water is an overlooked component that plays a key role in the survival of birds through the winter. A shallow water dish to an elaborate bird bath all serve the same purpose-supplemental water through the winter that will attract birds. Place the water near the bird feeders or under overhanging branches or near dense shrubbery.

I have noticed that the most untidy parts of my yard are the most popular for the birds. Plant an abundance of native plants, and plant in groupings for maximum food and protection

Mary Kroening, Missouri Master Gardener Coordinator and UMC Horticulturalist, (573) 882-9633