Fall Planting

Fall is the perfect time to plant spring-flowering bulbs. Spring flowering bulbs are some of the easiest plants to grow and some of the most rewarding. Most bulbs bloom in early spring and provide a nice succession of color before the summer-flowering shrubs and perennials reach their peak bloom. There is nothing quite like the pleasure I derive from the garden when the crocus and daffodils start to bloom, many times right through the late season snowfalls.

Planting spring-flowering bulbs in the fall is crucial to giving the bulbs an adequate long period of cool temperatures to induce spring flowering. Many bulbs must have a certain number of days below a particular temperature that is needed to induce flowering. There are hundreds of bulb varieties from which to choose with the most popular being narcissus (daffodils), crocus, hyacinths and tulips. Tulips are by far the most precious spring-flowering bulbs with a tremendous range of colors and styles. However, they are also the most unreliable in Missouri as repeat bloomers in successive seasons. Tulips struggle with heavy, wet soils and are very susceptible to bulb rots and slug damage. Many gardeners in Missouri have given up the struggle and consider tulips annuals, however gardeners have had more success with varieties labeled as “great for naturalizing" or “perennial" in their description. Location is also crucial to the success of tulips and good drainage greatly improves their durability. Also, foliage should be allowed to grow as long as possible after flowering to improve chances of repeat performance. Tulips can be planted up until the ground freezes and should be planted at a depth of 7-8 inches deep.

Bulbs that do very well in Missouri are daffodils, grape hyacinths, reticulated iris, scillas, and snowdrops. In Missouri, it is hard to surpass the daffodil for repeat blooming and dependability. Daffodil bulbs are not attractive as food for small animals through the winter, whereas tulips are very attractive food and may be devoured through the winter. As with tulips, daffodils prefer good drainage and are best planted before the end of October. Daffodils should be planted at a depth of 7-8 inches deep. Most small bulbs such as crocus, reticulated iris, snowdrops and hyacinths can be planted at a depth of 3-4 inches and are best planted by the end of October as well. Bulbs planted in clumps or groups of three or more provide for a more pleasing display that is not quite so rigid. Bulbs may be planted in full sun or partial shade and do well under deciduous trees as they bloom before the trees leaf out.

Mary Kroening
Horticulture
573-882-9633